They include genetics, brain structure and function, and your environment. Several factors likely play a role in the disorder.

The exact cause of bipolar disorder is unknown. With any of these types, having four or more episodes of mania or depression in a year is called 'rapid cycling.' What causes bipolar disorder? The symptoms usually last for at least two years in adults and for one year in children and teenagers. But they are not as intense or as long-lasting as hypomanic or depressive episodes. Cyclothymic disorder, or cyclothymia, also involves hypomanic and depressive symptoms.Hypomania is a less severe version of mania. But instead of full-blown manic episodes, there are episodes of hypomania. Bipolar II disorder involves depressive episodes.This type of bipolar disorder can also involve mixed episodes. Bipolar I disorder involves manic episodes that last at least 7 days or manic symptoms so severe that you need immediate hospital care.There are three main types of bipolar disorder: This is called a mixed episode.Īlong with mood swings, bipolar disorder causes changes in behavior, energy levels, and activity levels.īipolar disorder used to be called other names, including manic depression and manic-depressive disorder. You may have both manic and depressive symptoms together.Other times you may feel 'down,' sad, indifferent, or hopeless.Sometimes you may feel extremely 'up,' elated, irritable, or energized.Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that can cause intense mood swings:

Manic episode definition